CPU Central Processing Unit

A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply processor, is the component in a digital computer that interprets and executes instructions and data contained in software. CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the core components found in almost all modern microcomputers, along with primary storage and input/output facilities. In a similar vein, microprocessors are a type of CPU that is manufactured on an integrated circuit, often as a single-chip package. Since the mid-1970s, single-chip microprocessors have become the most common and prominent implementation of CPUs, and today the term is almost always applied to this form.

Full definition of CPU at Wikipedia

The CPu is best described as the thin, square chip hidden under the massive heatsink and fan assembly near the center of the motherboard. Removed, the CPU will have dozens of thin pins that fit a particular socket determined by the motherboard. Major manufacturers of Central Processing Units are Intel (their Pentium4 and Celeron are their current generation) and AMD.

CPUs run extremely hot and must be kept cool. When reaching temperatures above 60 Celsius, the PC may begin to stutter or even freeze up. So it's a good idea to keep keep good airflow throughout the case. A good strategy is to have an 80mm fan in the front of the case to draw fresh air in, and an 80mm fan in the rear to pull hot air out. Some good power supplies will have dual fans that aid in pulling air up off of the processor and out the rear of the system.

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